Contemporary development in business and manageme--Essay代写范文

Essay代写范文:“Contemporary development in business and manageme”，这篇论文主要描述的是在现代商业的管理当中，多元化的企业发展方式变得越来越普遍，本文以大昌行集团为例讲述综合性多元化的贸易企业是如何发展，大昌行是一间集汽车、物流、食品等多种业务于一体的综合性企业，随着香港人口结构的变化，大昌行需要根据市场需求的变化来调整生产和管理的模式，以适应不断变化发展的市场环境。

This main purpose of this report is to develop an analysis report for the contemporary development of Zanussi washing machine in Dah Chong Hong Holdings. This report is focus on the influence of demographic factors, including the angle in the status quo and in the future.

Dah Chong Hong Holdings is a well-known comprehensive trade enterprise in Hong Kong whose core business covers motor business, food and consumer products and logistics business. And its business has been extending to many areas including Macau, Mainland China, Taiwan, Singapore, Japan and so on.

The Zanussi washing machine is the one kind of the electric appliance in the general agency of Zanussi in Italy. And Dah Chong Hong Holdings is the sole general agent of Zanussi washing machine in Hong Kong. As the colony of England, people in Hong Kong began to use the products of Zanussi as its popularity in Europe. Foreseeing the great opportunity, Dah Chong Hong Holdings acquired the dealership in Asia and imported a series of household appliance.

1.0 Introduction

There has been a lot of changes on population and other relative factors in Hong Kong. These years the population in Hong Kong is gradually increasing while the fertility rate is decreasing. As a result, The structure of the population is also changing to a aging society with the increasing of the elderly. In addition, the growth of the population is mainly due to the attracting to the immigration, especially those from Indonesia and Philippin. Besides the total quantity of the population, there are also changes on the gender ratio with more female, marital status with more singles, widened wealth gap, family structure with less members and so forth. All of these demographic changes remind the Dah Chong Hong Holdings to take measures to cope with the subtle influence.

The wholesales of Zanussi washing machine has been in a maturity stage and its supply and sales chain is now in a stable state. Considering that it is a kind of household appliance which has close relation with people’s daily life, the influence of demographic factors must be well analyzed to give suggestions to the wholesales.

2.0 How the demographic factors influence the management

2.1 How the population change influence decision-making

2.1.1 The macroscopic change

Immigration: According to the data of birth place in the census, the proportion of population born in Hong Kong is gradually decreasing. At the same time, the part from Macau, Mainland China, Taiwan is reducing. The increasing of the immigration requires the manager to pay attention to the foreign consumers, especially those whose custom are quite different from ours. As the main consumers are still local residents, the focal point in the decision-making of the manager should not be changed. However, products cater to the outsiders is necessary to put on the market in the place they gathered. The data presents that the main increasing of immigration owes to Indonesia and Philippin, thus these two countries could be the reference. Simultaneously, the general style should change to be more internationalized.

Social bracket: The proportion between rich and poor determines the production distribution and the marketing policy. Though it has not resulted in serious social problem, the gap of wealth is an outstanding feature of Hong Kong all the same, and this condition has the tendency to maintain or even enlarge further. For Dah Chong Hong Holdings, the sole general agent, it is wise to lay emphasis on the differentiation sale to people in different social bracket.

Population pyramid: Owing to the birth boom in 1961, these people occupies the maximum ratio of age group. These years, the rate of youth stays at a high level, mainly are those from age of 20 to 50. In addition, the annual rate of population growth among youth is decreasing while that among elderly is increasing which indicates that Hong Kong is stepping into the aging society. The agent should adjust the import of the quantity of different type of washing machine suit for customers of different age.

Culture: Hong Kong now has been a multicultural country with multiple languages and various moral values and attitudes. As the agency, maybe do some alteration on the appearance would receive good results. To avoid the offence of the manners, customs and beliefs, common marks and pattern is suitable. (Joseph Henrich 2015)

2.1.2 The microcosmic change

Social notion: The opinion of the society is the basis for the orientation of the products. It is also applicable for the washing machine. On one hand, with the improvement of the payment, people advocate products with more fashion sense and more brief. On the other hand, as the generalization of the idea of sustainable development, people prefer environment-friendly materials and energy-saving type. Thus the introduction of products should do with the social notion and gear to international conventions.

The family structure: The change of the number of the family population impact on the demand, ranging over the washing capacity, running time and startup mode. In recent decades, the tendency of “small family” is increasingly obvious. Families consisting of two or three people account for 40 percent of the total while families of six or more people fall to 10 percent, which indicates the strengthening of the awareness of independent living. Besides, the rate of singles is increasing. In 2001, the total rate of people who has never married aged 25 to 50 reached to 33 per cent. Coping with these demographic changes, Dah Chong Hong Holdings need to import washing machines with small washing capacity to satisfy frequently laundry and small size to suit for small space.

Credit standing: The demographic factor also affects the finance. The mode of payment named installment is popular among white-collar nowadays, which benefits from the stability of the average wage. To be in accordance with the productivity, the company should use the installment to expand demand to attract more customers. The lending ratio for people of different earnings should varies a lot.

2.2 The convert of the production policy and wholesales

Channel: Distribution is a vital step in the wholesales. The length, width and depth of the channel should be changed according to the population change. With the popularity of the demand for washing machines, the wholesales should expand to the whole country. And the distributers should be increased as much as possible with the changeless wholesalers to extend the coverage. Due to the enhancement of the consciousness of rights safeguarding, the price needs unification which could be realized by single distribution channel. (George et al. 2015)

Logistics: With the preference of on-line shopping, the logistics rises rapidly. This kind of style are popular especially among youths. The “last mile” is the most crucial part in logistics. It pay emphasis on the final delivery and installation. Considering the age of the users is increasing, the installation should be done completely and the delivery should be finished to the destination. (Stephen & Mary 2012 )

2.3 The change of the products

Lifestyle: The busy life of the urbanites arouses the huge demand for the washing machine. Complying with the tendency, the products could change its function to cater to the preference. The washing machines with big size and large capacity are obsolescent for the high frequency of laundry and smaller living space. Furthermore, the cloth people wear are tending to be more light and soft which requires a lot of washing machines.

Market segmentation: Owing to the development of personalization, the washing machine market is in urgent of segmentation. Various demand claim for a broad variety of washing machines, thus the agency should increase the kinds of Zanussi washing machine while reduce the quantity of each type. For rich people, they have more requests for the function like intelligentialize. For people with low income, they may prefer washing machines with higher practicability. For the remaining, the company could work on the appearance and performance.

2.4 The influence on business volume

Region difference: The regions gathered by different stratum varied a lot on business volume. For example, people live near the commercial district consider a lot on the performance and appearance while those live far away from the downtown concern a lot on price and function. This requires the company to distribute the types in different regions properly.

Total type preference: There is a general tendency in Hong Kong for the preference of washing machine type. In summer, on account of the high temperature, people need to wash clothes more frequently. Thus they need washing machines with smaller capacity. As the consequence of high price for real estate, people prefer for small size. In terms of sales, the rate of washing machines with small size and small capacity would be higher than other types. However, because of the high selling price of washing machines with high technology, the turnover on these would also be high.

2.5 Sexual influence on business volume

2.5.1 Sexual proportion

Sexual proportion can be divided into two aspects, singles and families. The sexual proportion in families is not worth studying for what matters a lot in family is the number of members. In compliance with the change of the gender ratio, the number of single women is more than that of single men. Therefore, washing machines designed for single women would sell more those designed for single men.

3.5.2 Different preference between different genders

The select on washing machines varies a lot between different genders. For female, they would spend more time on the select and consider lots of relative factors including price, color, appearance, function, performance and so on. However, for male, they would mainly focus on the practicability and cost efficient. Therefore, careful recommendation for women would help improve the business volume.

3.0 The effectiveness of the response of Dah Chong Hong Holdings

Market segmentation: Offering products of different types to consumers of different preference is the way of market segmentation. It is a common means for wholesalers to broaden market and has been proved to be of effect under fierce competition. Spillover effect is important in the process of sale, thus winning good reputation is vital for companies, especially under the demographic status at present.

Channel optimization: The response on channel is to adapt to the rise of e-business and the high-quality requirement on service. The exploitation on new channel like online store helps widen the coverage and attract more customers. And the delivery and installation help acquire good reputation.

Innovation on marketing: Marketing plays a great part in the sale, especially for agency, who has the products generally fixed. For Dah Chong Hong Holdings, the innovation includes backward integration, allowing for loan and trading good for old. Backward integration means allying with estate agent or companies taking charge of decoration. This could reduce the cost of seeking for customers and grow in strength. The policy allowing for installment is following the trend of overdraft consumption. Assessing customers’ credit standing to determine the lending ratio could expand the demand by lowering the payment standard. Trading good for old is an environmental protection which is widely advocated all over the world. This can also help improve the affordability. Considering there is a large proportion of singles, exchanging washing machine with small capacity for that with large capacity is a good choice.

4.0 The improvement in the future

Considering that the aging problem would deteriorate in the future, the distribution of  washing machines aiming at old people should be enlarged. In addition, the continuous innovation on technology claims for more application on artificial intelligence. Market segmentation is a dynamic process, hence the company should focus on market dynamics constantly instead of standing still. The change of the central area needs the countermeasure to change the distribution of the stores. One noteworthy concern is the finance change influenced by demographic factors, it is unstable and significantly.

5.0 Conclusion

The management of a company has many influences including international factor, demographic factor and so on. Demographic factor is a prolong and subtle process requiring for intensive study. The change on the number of population, rate of population growth, demographic structure, gender ratio, rate of singles or even on the wealth gap could result in the change of wholesales on washing machines. Given that Dah Chong Hong Holdings is the sole general agent of Zanussi washing machine in Hong Kong, it cannot determine the design of the products but can decide the proportion of different type and do little alteration on the details to cater to the market. Besides the changes on product itself, changes on marketing tools is also important in the wholesales process. Some changes in the future like the population quantity and growth rate can be estimated to give suggestions to change policies in time. Other changes like finance cannot be forecasted. They need constantly attention to cope with the changes of trend.

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