Computational Experiments with the Fuzzy Love--论文代写范文精选

第一个角度是选择的概念,这揭示事物背后行为，从社会生活和思考模式中调查发现,通过行为分析。社会学理论的发展的历史,没有多少与社会和经济的相关，虽然自然科学十分发达,尤其是生物学。下面的essay代写范文将进行详述。

Abstract 
The paper report some experiments on the issue of human mating games and sexual preferences in the perspective of population and some macro‐social realms. The notions of love, romance, fidelity, and sexual attractiveness are those comprising the theory to human intra‐species evolution but yet still rare to be employed to understand human social, economic, and cultural studies in terms of sociology or economics. The paper did experiments on those issues, on the possible relation between population growth, power‐ law distribution of wealth, and some other relevant points to our realization of evolutionary theory of sexual selection. The paper expects to open an alternative bridge of our advancement in human evolution and the complexity of the social system.  

Introduction 
At least our sights would have been divided into two scientific poles – both can be regarded in the domain of social science – as we talk about love and romance in human civilization. The first corner is laid upon the idea of sexual selection, latter called themselves as evolutionary psychologists. People in this pole are fascinated to reveal things behind behavioral aspects of the social life and pondering to the patterns discovered from surveys, behavioral analysis, and theoretical stuffs departed from sociobiology. The other pole is overwhelmed with people called themselves anthropologists, sociologists, and sometimes economists with very different views regarding to the relatedness of sex and the emotional feelings of love and romance. The latter mostly related the issue to the things that is constructed in social life through habits, norms, while the first mostly related it to the intra‐ species evolution – thing that is so distinctive to its counterpart of inter‐species evolution that apparently ruled by the law of struggle of the fittest by means of natural selection.   

The history of the development of sociological theories has seen that there is not much endeavors to relate the findings in social and economic sciences with the one developed in natural science, especially biology. Despite the abundance of biologists’ works with efforts to explaining some social processes – e.g.: evolutionary theories, memetics – social scientists seem to neglect any theoretical achievements in other areas (cf. van den Berghe, 1990). As the advanced mathematical modeling of statistical mechanics has given a lot of contributions and stunning discoveries in economics (i.e.: econophysics, sociophysics), the advanced and powerful theoretical explorations in biology, especially in our understanding to the evolutionary concepts is felt highly important to be related to the discourse of the social dynamics (cf. Situngkir, 2003 and Situngkir, 2004).   

The aim of the paper is to open the door to the new fashion of both theoretical and empirical approaches on bridging the most recent trend of sociological analyses incorporating computational models (i.e.: agent based modeling) to explore culture and social dynamics (even the embedded economic system) with some recent trends in evolutionary psychology with expectations of having novel discoveries in our scientific quests and inquiries to the general social life.   The structure of the paper is composed in regards to some experiments we do on the micro‐states in the level of agency to see the emerging macro‐properties. Our observations are made by using the artificial society the ‘Ribbon of Love’ as proposed in Situngkir (2007). We need to note here that the computational model we used here is different with some rigorous mathematical models constructed to see the interpersonal relations as those elaborated in Rinaldi (1998) or Liao & Ran (2007) as introduced for educational purposes of differential equations by Strogatz (1988). Our model focuses not merely in interesting mathematical features of the loving couples but in deed focus on the non‐linear relations of micro‐social and its macro‐view counterpart as a form of celebration in the new computational methods in the explorations of social theories.

 If Love is Blind   
Liberally speaking we shall never be able to define what love is without being slipped into the reduction of one of important concept in human societies. Love may arise from the socially constructed values – like most liberal’s believed – but may also arise from biological (or chemical?) processes among couples (Marazziti, 2004). Probably the concept of love is the place of the complexity as we talked about the human sexual selection.   

In our previous experiments, as observer we feel to know why someone loves another, why someone wants to marry and start a family with another, as we reduce a lot of semantic thoughts on love. This section, eventually, wants to see what happens in our artificial society as we let agents chooses her/his spouses irrationally beside those with fuzzifications of some common sexual qualities.   While the other micro‐properties are just similar with those elaborated in the generic computational model (Situngkir, 2007), we let agents to choose his/her mates in a particularly small probability ( p ≈ 0.1) and see the dynamics of the macro properties. To our interest, the growth of the population becomes exceedingly higher as the iteration goes. This is showed in figure 6. There has been classical understanding of Malthusian economics that the population growth in approximately exponential function if there is no any social mechanisms to reduce the rate of birth. In the other hand, some societies tend to see the proper and improperness in the marital status of adult males (and frequently females). In some cases, this becomes the source of the irrationality of the mating couple in our experiments. Eventually, as there is no birth control mechanisms included, even a very small probability of this may eventually lead to the exponential population growth.   

Apparently, in our simulation of this particular scenario we do not put into account the limits of environmental factors e.g.: the availability of resources (for example food, jobs, lands for housing, etc.) that sometimes become natural things as the proponents for birth control. For instance, the use of contraception is not the only thing to reduce the population growth but agent’s realization on career, the financial constraints, etc. and many other social, economic, and cultural related things must be put into account as a social actor start to establish family especially deciding to have children.  

Discussions & Closing Notes 
The fuzziness of human male and female relationship has been discussed in Situngkir (2007) and the paper is a report on findings and conducted experiments by using the proposed model. We do some experiments by using scenarios to observe what would emerge from specific micro‐states in the level of agency. The primary point of the paper is to show that by using the computational model of artificial societies we could easily observe the relations between different levels of description that is non‐linear in its nature. 

It becomes possible to relate the population growth, the dynamics of economic welfare, and so on by adjusting some micro‐properties and micro‐rules related to sexual selection in human civilizations. However, in this sense, there are a lot more things could be observed by using this computational tool in our endeavor understanding the intra‐species sexual selection with those some macro and sophisticated aspects of human culture.   The secondary points are highlighted from the simulations as we employ several scenarios showed in the paper. The way we discover some economic aspects e.g.: the power‐law distributed of wealth in society, the paradoxical findings on the sacred values of marriage as perceived by agents in the modern micro‐realms emerging the high numbers of domestic partnership instead of marriage and reproduction, pursuing of fun through sexual experiences, as the negative population growth persists while in the other hand the average economic circumstances getting better generally, are some of those that we could essentially observe by using the computational platform. Here we open a possible interesting challenge on bridging the evolutionary theories and the general sociological explorations. As we recognize the complexity of the social and natural system, we just consequently recognize the complexity inside the way men and women mate.  （essay代写)

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